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#282739 - 03/13/08 08:12 PM
A Letter to Rome in the Rough
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Gabriel
Member
Registered: 02/28/07
Posts: 88
Loc: San Diego, CA
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Glory to Jesus Christ!
I have not yet written to Rome with my concerns about the RDL, as Fr. Thomas Loya urged me to do. It is high time I did so.
Below is part of a piece I posted on another forum. I am thinking about revising it and making it the basis for my letter to Rome. Of course the style will have to be very different. I want to make it more complete and yet also keep it concise. So I would welcome any thoughtful criticisms or suggestions to this end.
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The Byzantine Ruthenian Catholic Church in the U.S. has indeed made a change for the worse in its "Revised Divine Liturgy." I will list and very briefly comment on some of the problems with it.
Mandatory abbreviations of the ritual. There has always been openness in the Byzantine tradition, both Catholic and dissident, to taking parochial abbreviations. Nevertheless the full ritual was always presented in the Liturgicon and other service books, so that anyone could distinguish between what the full norm is and what the parochial abbreviation is. With the new books the usual and customary abbreviations are the only thing printed, and they are mandatory. This is a serious breach of tradition. In the case of my own parish it is a major loss since ten years ago we took all three antiphons of three verses each, with the little litany between them, at the beginning of the Liturgy. Now we have books which print only the first verse of each antiphon and the little litanies are banished.
The new music. The RDL books contain standardized notation for several settings of various liturgical chants, and it is in the style of Carpatho-Rusyn plainsong. However, this actually limits the musical repertoire because only the music contained in the books is officially permitted, and we have a vast number of settings which have been dumped. Our wonderful oral tradition of plainsong, passed from cantor to cantor through generations, with local variations everywhere, has been effectively replaced with a sanitized, standardized, everywhere-the-same music; we now have a McLiturgy.
Further, the job was terribly botched in matching music to the natural accents of the text. To give but one example, the wording of the Little Doxology was changed from "Glory be to the Father," etc. to "Glory to the Father." No problem with that, but where the music previously placed the emphasis on "be" (Glo-ry BE to the Father) it now emphasizes "to" (Glo-ry TO the Father). This is simply ridiculous. You don't ever emphasize prepositions. It should be "Glory to the FA-ther and to the Son, etc.
Also our beautiful hymns have been abolished. In the course of four centuries our Ruthenian Church had brought forth a great treasury of general, seasonal, Marian, and Eucharistic hymns or chorales. Even the Soviets respected this poetic and musical legacy. But not the liturgical Nazis now in charge of feeding the sheep. Or should I say, trying experiments on us rats.
The mandated taking of the presbyteral prayers out loud. This is a stupid hobby-horse of modernist liturgists. We formerly had a beautiful practice in which the most part of the Eucharistic Prayer was said quietly at the altar while the choir and people sang covering chants, some with melismatic phrases. Now both text and music are trimmed down so that all must "listen prayerfully" to every word that the priest prays. Gone is the sense of Mystery.
The arbitrary and unnecessary changes in the translation. These are too numerous to list, but here are some of the more jarring ones: "Let us commit ourselves...to Christ our God" instead of "Let us commend ourselves..." "Commit" smacks of individual self-determination, while "commend" expresses self-entrustment to God's mercy. The Greek word Paratitheme means to "hand over" and has always been translated "commend."
In the Eucharistic Prayer, "The New Testament" has been changed to "New Covenant." Diatheke could mean either, but the context, in which Christ as Testator is bequeathing his Body and Blood, his very life, to his disciples for all time, demands the word "Testament." There is no good reason to say "Let us offer the Holy Anaphora in peace" when we formerly had the "Holy Oblation." In the anamnesis the Greek simply reads "We offer You Yours of Your own, in behalf of all and for all. There's no way you can make the words out to mean "always and everywhere."
Worst of all in this regard, and the most controversial by far, is the use of horizontal gender-inclusive language. In the Creed, instead of "Who for us men and for our salvation" they have "For us and for our salvation." If the word men is not important here but merely expendable, why did not the Creed originally say, Who for our salvation came down from heaven, etc? Why the double phrase in the original? The answer lies in the fact that the Creed was alluding to Genesis 1: 26. Man was made in the Image of God because the Incarnation was God's plan from the beginning.
A special problem of inclusive language occurs in the word Philanthropos (lover of man). It was previously translated "Lover of mankind." Now it is "Lover of us all." The visual analogy would be to slap a yellow smiley face over the face of Christ Pantokrator. Further, the phrase "Our God who loves mankind" is used over and over again in the Liturgy. It is an assault on truth and sanity to hear constantly, "Our God who loves us all." And of course the revisers changed "brethren" to "brothers and sisters." All of this is nothing but capitulation to Anti-Christian political correctness, which is part of cultural Marxism. The plea that such changes are needed to communicate effectively in modern English is hogwash.
The irony of all this is that it is simply another phase of Latinization of the Byzantine churches in communion with Rome. But instead of the symbolic Latin usages, such as statues, Sacred Heart devotions, etc. we now have the Latinization of assimilation to modernity and false ecumenism.
By the way, this liturgical "reform" has been carried out contrary to the will of the Roman Pontiff. Liturgiam Authenticam, while addressed primarily to the Latin Church, sets forth principles that are universal. And it specifically rejects all inclusive language, not only vertical, dealing with God, but horizontal, dealing with Man. And I know from interviewing Father Archimandrite Robert Taft, S.J., a known proponent of inclusive language, that he was the only one in the Oriental Congregation who reviewed and approved the work of the revision committee. It was not approved by the Holy Father at all.
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#282841 - 03/14/08 01:04 PM
Re: A Letter to Rome in the Rough
[Re: Athanasius The L]
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Serge Keleher
Member
Registered: 06/22/06
Posts: 2941
Loc: Dublin
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Here's a simple but difficult suggestion (yes, it is possible to be both simple and difficult!):
Have your letter translated into Italian, by someone who knows the sort of Italian used by the Roman Curia. This will have two effects: it will make it easier for your letter to reach the attention of the right people, and the very work of translation will tone the text down!
Fr. Serge
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#282881 - 03/14/08 06:51 PM
Re: A Letter to Rome in the Rough
[Re: Administrator]
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mwbonline
Member
Registered: 01/01/08
Posts: 39
Loc: Roanoke, VA
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I find it contradictory that some writers will state that the Eastern Bishops need to be given more autonomy from Rome so that the Orthodox will feel less anxious about future unity while at the same time others urge letters to Rome urge them in an attempt to have Rome override the U.S. Byzantine Bishop's revised liturgy.
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#282882 - 03/14/08 06:59 PM
Re: A Letter to Rome in the Rough
[Re: Administrator]
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Gabriel
Member
Registered: 02/28/07
Posts: 88
Loc: San Diego, CA
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Thank you to all. Points well taken. I'll be back to let you critique the second draft. Fr. Serge, how's your Italian?
By the way, we had a very good discussion about the Ruthenian Recension on the Incorruptibles Forum. Here's a link to the thread: http://www.websitetoolbox.com/tool/post/traditionalcatholics/vpost?id=2526876
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#282883 - 03/14/08 07:10 PM
Re: A Letter to Rome in the Rough
[Re: mwbonline]
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Gabriel
Member
Registered: 02/28/07
Posts: 88
Loc: San Diego, CA
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What's contradictory about having a supreme authority in the Church, but without micro-management? (I know, I know, this is fodder for a different thread).
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#288723 - 05/13/08 08:39 PM
Re: A Letter to Rome in the Rough
[Re: Administrator]
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Father David
Member
Registered: 07/14/02
Posts: 193
Loc: Pittsburgh, PA
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I’m sorry, but your post misrepresents what Father Taft said. I refer you to pages 166-167 of “Through Their Own Eyes.”
You say that Father Taft “ informs us that .... 2) [the prayers] were not proclaimed for the hearing of the people.” He says simply that the prayers were not “proclaimed,” that is, perhaps chanted in the proclamative style that we now use frequently, for physical reasons, they said the prayers with bowed heads. He does not say that the people didn't hear them. In any case, Taft says only that this is “perhaps.” You then say “prayers which were for and about God are now for God and the education of the people.” Taft says the exact opposite, “The prayers aren’t for God, they’re for us.” (P. 167, lines 2 and 3). Taft quotes Justinian’s Novella 137, which reads, “all bishops and presbyters to say the prayers used in the divine oblation [ = Divine Liturgy, my note] and holy baptism not inaudibly, but in a voice that can be heard by the faithful, so that the souls of those who listen may be moved to greater compunction and raise up glorification to the Lord God.” (Quoted by Taft on page 103 of the same book) I cannot see how anything could be more clear. The prayers do not tell God what he has done for us, but they raise up our souls and minds to glorify him for what he has done for us.
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#288725 - 05/13/08 09:59 PM
Re: A Letter to Rome in the Rough
[Re: Father David]
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Administrator
Administrator
Member
Registered: 11/02/01
Posts: 4508
Loc: Virginia
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I thank Father David for his post.
I have quoted the entire section from pages 166 and 167 that Father David references in previous threads. I will again quote a portion of it (this is a transcription of spoken Q&A with Father Taft responding):
… They said it aloud. They didn’t perhaps proclaim it because of the bowing over, but there’s no question about the fact that all the prayers were said aloud. The people were incapable – the person in Church by himself or herself said their prayers aloud. We know that from ancient culture. Father Taft appears to be saying is that the average worshipper would not have heard the priest praying his prayers aloud because in the culture of that time every individual prayed his prayers aloud. "[T]he person in Church by himself or herself said their prayers aloud. We know that from ancient culture." It is very logical to conclude that the prayers were not being prayed for them to hear (education) but that they were being prayed for their salvation.
I acknowledge that Father Taft notes later that “[t]he prayers aren’t for God, they’re for us.” I have quoted this previously and spoken to it. There is good reason to indicate that Father Taft is incorrect in this conclusion. Cardinal Ratzinger (now Pope Benedict XVI) noted in a speech published in Eutopia magazine (May/June 1999) that the Eucharistic Liturgy was not about us or for us (in the sense of education of the faithful).
[T]he Byzantine liturgy was not a way of teaching doctrine and was not intended to be. It was not a display of the Christian faith in a way acceptable or attractive to onlookers. What impressed onlookers about the liturgy was precisely its utter lack of an ulterior purpose, the fact that it was celebrated for God and not for spectators, that its sole intent was to be before God and for God "euarestos euprosdektos" (Romans 12:1; 15:16): pleasing and acceptable to God, as the sacrifice of Abel had been pleasing to God. Precisely this "disinterest" of standing before God and of looking toward Him was what caused a divine light to descend on what was happening and caused that divine light to be perceptible even to onlookers. The focus of the Eucharistic Liturgy was not man but God. It is “celebrated for God and not for spectators.” “Its sole intent was to be before God and for God ‘euarestos euprosdektos’”.
Cardinal Ratzinger (now Pope Benedict XVI) continues (and I quote this separately for emphasis):
To speak, as has been common since the 1950s, of a "missionary liturgy" is at the very least an ambiguous and problematic way of speaking. In many circles of liturgists, this has led, in a truly excessive way, to making the instructive element in the liturgy, the effort to make it understandable even for outsiders, the primary criterion of the liturgical form. The idea that the choice of liturgical forms must be made from the "pastoral" point of view suggests the presence of this same anthropocentric error. Thus the liturgy is celebrated entirely for men and women, it serves to transmit information--in so far as this is possible in view of the weariness which has entered the liturgy due to the rationalisms and banalities involved in this approach. In this view, the liturgy is an instrument for the construction of a community, a method of "socialization" among Christians. Where this is so, perhaps God is still spoken of, but God in reality has no role; it is a matter only of meeting people and their needs halfway and of making them contented. But precisely this approach ensures that no faith is fostered, for the faith has to do with God, and only where His nearness is made present, only where human aims are set aside in favor of the reverential respect due to Him, only there is born that credibility which prepares the way for faith. This is important. When you make the Liturgy about us, about education, about socialization, about the construction of the community it fails to be about God. It is only when human aims are discarded (setting aside "all earthly cares") that "His nearness is made present".
Now we add this the very practical fact that in his “Spirit of the Liturgy” Cardinal Ratzinger (now Pope Benedict XVI) says that the practice has not borne fruit it is illogical to mandate a custom that imitates the custom of the Roman Catholics (done for the same reason not long after their experiment).
“The Spirit of the Liturgy” by Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger (now Pope Benedict XVI): In 1978, to the annoyance of many liturgists, I said that in no sense does the whole Canon always have to be said out loud. After much consideration, I should like to repeat and underline the point here in the hope that, twenty years later, this thesis will be better understood. Meanwhile, in their efforts to reform the Missal, the German liturgists have explicitly stated that, of all things, the Eucharistic Prayer, the high point of the Mass, is in crisis. Since the reform of the liturgy, and attempt has bee made to meet the crisis by incessantly inventing new Eucharistic Payers, and in the process we have sunk farther and farther into banality. Multiplying words is no help – that is all too evident. The liturgists have suggested all kinds of remedies, which certainly contain elements that are worthy of consideration. However, as far as I can see, they balk, now as in the past, at the possibility that silence, too, silence especially, might constitute communion before God. It is no accident that in Jerusalem, for a very early time, parts of the Canon were prayed in silence and that in the West the silent Canon – overlaid in part with meditative singing – became the norm. To dismiss all this as the result of misunderstandings is just too easy. It really is not true that reciting the whole Eucharistic Prayer out loud and without interruption is a prerequisite for the participation of everyone in this central act of the Mass. My suggestion in 1978 was as follows. First, liturgical education ought to aim at making the faithful familiar with the essential meaning and fundamental orientation of the Canon. Secondly, the first words of the various prayers should be said out loud as a kind of cue for the congregation, so that each individual in his silent prayer can take up the intonation ant bring the personal into the communal and the communal into the personal. Anyone who has experienced a church united in silent praying of the Canon will know what a really filled silence is. It is at once a loud and penetrating cry to God and a Spirit-filled act of prayer. Here everyone does pray the Canon together, albeit in a bond with the special task of the priestly ministry. Here everyone is untied, laid hold of by Christ, and led by the Holy Spirit into that common prayer to the Father which is the true sacrifice – the love that reconciles and unites God and the world. (pages 214-216) Yes, the prayers raise up our souls and minds to glorify God. The prayers accomplish this by their being prayed, not by us being educated by them. Worship is not about the education of man but about glorifying God.
The custom of praying the Anaphora out loud has not borne fruit in the Latin Church and no less a man than the one who is now Pope Benedict XVI has stated that there are problems with the custom. That alone should be ample evidence that mandating a custom others are having problems with is not appropriate. Still, even if Cardinal Ratzinger (now Pope Benedict XVI) had stated that such a custom was bearing fruit it would be inappropriate to mandate it, as the Ruthenian Church should be respectful of the need for unity on liturgical matters with both other Churches that use the Ruthenian recension (Catholic and Orthodox) as well as the entire Byzantine Church (Catholic and Orthodox). If the custom is of the Holy Spirit it will develop organically across Byzantium. If it is not of the Holy Spirit mandates will only work for a little while, and ultimately harms the liturgical unity the Ruthenian Catholic Church shared with the larger Byzantine Church.
I continue to pray the Lord God that the ongoing appeals to Rome will prove successful and that the Pope Benedict XVI will issue guarantees that the local bishops may not prohibit the full Liturgy of their own Church.
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